diff --git a/src/Mustache/Cache.php b/src/Mustache/Cache.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1ca7438
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Mustache/Cache.php
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+<?php
+
+/*
+ * This file is part of Mustache.php.
+ *
+ * (c) 2012 Justin Hileman
+ *
+ * For the full copyright and license information, please view the LICENSE
+ * file that was distributed with this source code.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Mustache Cache interface.
+ *
+ * Interface for caching and loading Mustache_Template classes
+ * generated by the Mustache_Compiler.
+ */
+interface Mustache_Cache
+{
+    /**
+     * Load a compiled Mustache_Template class from cache.
+     *
+     * @param  string $key
+     * @return boolean indicates successfully class load
+     */
+    public function load($key);
+
+    /**
+     * Cache and load a compiled Mustache_Template class.
+     *
+     * @param  string $key
+     * @param  string $value
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function cache($key, $value);
+}
diff --git a/src/Mustache/Cache/AbstractCache.php b/src/Mustache/Cache/AbstractCache.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4a5ab90
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Mustache/Cache/AbstractCache.php
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+<?php
+
+/*
+ * This file is part of Mustache.php.
+ *
+ * (c) 2012 Justin Hileman
+ *
+ * For the full copyright and license information, please view the LICENSE
+ * file that was distributed with this source code.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Abstract Mustache Cache class.
+ *
+ * Provides logging support to child implementations.
+ *
+ * @abstract
+ */
+abstract class Mustache_Cache_AbstractCache implements Mustache_Cache
+{
+    private $logger = null;
+
+    public function getLogger()
+    {
+        return $this->logger;
+    }
+
+    public function setLogger($logger = null)
+    {
+        if ($logger !== null && !($logger instanceof Mustache_Logger || is_a($logger, 'Psr\\Log\\LoggerInterface'))) {
+            throw new Mustache_Exception_InvalidArgumentException('Expected an instance of Mustache_Logger or Psr\\Log\\LoggerInterface.');
+        }
+
+        $this->logger = $logger;
+    }
+
+    protected function log($level, $message, array $context = array())
+    {
+        if (isset($this->logger)) {
+            $this->logger->log($level, $message, $context);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/Mustache/Cache/FilesystemCache.php b/src/Mustache/Cache/FilesystemCache.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ade547d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Mustache/Cache/FilesystemCache.php
@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+<?php
+
+/*
+ * This file is part of Mustache.php.
+ *
+ * (c) 2012 Justin Hileman
+ *
+ * For the full copyright and license information, please view the LICENSE
+ * file that was distributed with this source code.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Mustache Cache filesystem implementation.
+ *
+ * A FilesystemCache instance caches Mustache Template classes from the filesystem by name:
+ *
+ *     $cache = new Mustache_Cache_FilesystemCache(dirname(__FILE__).'/cache');
+ *     $cache->cache($className, $compiledSource);
+ *
+ * Benefits from any opcode caching that may be setup in your environment.
+ */
+class Mustache_Cache_FilesystemCache extends Mustache_Cache_AbstractCache
+{
+    private $baseDir;
+    private $fileMode;
+
+    /**
+     * Filesystem cache constructor.
+     *
+     * @param string $baseDir Directory for compiled templates.
+     * @param int $fileMode Override default permissions for cache files. Defaults to using the system-defined umask.
+     */
+    public function __construct($baseDir, $fileMode = null)
+    {
+        $this->baseDir = $baseDir;
+        $this->fileMode = $fileMode;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Load the class from cache using `require_once`.
+     *
+     * @param  string $key
+     * @return boolean
+     */
+    public function load($key)
+    {
+        $fileName = $this->getCacheFilename($key);
+        if (!is_file($fileName)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        require_once $fileName;
+
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Cache and load the compiled class
+     *
+     * @param  string $key
+     * @param  string $value
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function cache($key, $value)
+    {
+        $fileName = $this->getCacheFilename($key);
+
+        $this->log(
+            Mustache_Logger::DEBUG,
+            'Writing to template cache: "{fileName}"',
+            array('fileName' => $fileName)
+        );
+
+        $this->writeFile($fileName, $value);
+        $this->load($key);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Build the cache filename.
+     * Subclasses should override for custom cache directory structures.
+     *
+     * @param  string $name
+     * @return string
+     */
+    protected function getCacheFilename($name)
+    {
+        return sprintf('%s/%s.php', $this->baseDir, $name);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create cache directory
+     *
+     * @param  string $fileName
+     * @return string
+     *
+     * @throws Mustache_Exception_RuntimeException If unable to create directory
+     */
+    private function buildDirectoryForFilename($fileName)
+    {
+        $dirName = dirname($fileName);
+        if (!is_dir($dirName)) {
+            $this->log(
+                Mustache_Logger::INFO,
+                'Creating Mustache template cache directory: "{dirName}"',
+                array('dirName' => $dirName)
+            );
+
+            @mkdir($dirName, 0777, true);
+            if (!is_dir($dirName)) {
+                throw new Mustache_Exception_RuntimeException(sprintf('Failed to create cache directory "%s".', $dirName));
+            }
+        }
+        return $dirName;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Write cache file
+     *
+     * @param  string $fileName
+     * @param  string $value
+     * @return void
+     *
+     * @throws Mustache_Exception_RuntimeException If unable to write file
+     */
+    private function writeFile($fileName, $value)
+    {
+        $dirName = $this->buildDirectoryForFilename($fileName);
+
+        $this->log(
+            Mustache_Logger::DEBUG,
+            'Caching compiled template to "{fileName}"',
+            array('fileName' => $fileName)
+        );
+
+        $tempFile = tempnam($dirName, basename($fileName));
+        if (false !== @file_put_contents($tempFile, $value)) {
+            if (@rename($tempFile, $fileName)) {
+                $mode = isset($this->fileMode) ? $this->fileMode : (0666 & ~umask());
+                @chmod($fileName, $mode);
+
+                return;
+            }
+
+            $this->log(
+                Mustache_Logger::ERROR,
+                'Unable to rename Mustache temp cache file: "{tempName}" -> "{fileName}"',
+                array('tempName' => $tempFile, 'fileName' => $fileName)
+            );
+        }
+
+        throw new Mustache_Exception_RuntimeException(sprintf('Failed to write cache file "%s".', $fileName));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/Mustache/Cache/NoopCache.php b/src/Mustache/Cache/NoopCache.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bd54362
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Mustache/Cache/NoopCache.php
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+<?php
+
+/*
+ * This file is part of Mustache.php.
+ *
+ * (c) 2012 Justin Hileman
+ *
+ * For the full copyright and license information, please view the LICENSE
+ * file that was distributed with this source code.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Mustache Cache in-memory implementation.
+ *
+ * In-memory implementation useful during development.
+ * Not recommended for production use.
+ */
+class Mustache_Cache_NoopCache extends Mustache_Cache_AbstractCache
+{
+    /**
+     * Loads nothing. Move along.
+     *
+     * @param  string $key
+     * @return boolean
+     */
+    public function load($key)
+    {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Loads the compiled Mustache Template class without caching.
+     *
+     * @param  string $key
+     * @param  string $compiled
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function cache($key, $compiled)
+    {
+        $this->log(
+            Mustache_Logger::WARNING,
+            'Template cache disabled, evaluating "{className}" class at runtime',
+            array('className' => $key)
+        );
+        eval("?>".$compiled);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/Mustache/Engine.php b/src/Mustache/Engine.php
index 5bf9c4d..488dd84 100644
--- a/src/Mustache/Engine.php
+++ b/src/Mustache/Engine.php
@@ -33,8 +33,7 @@ class Mustache_Engine
 
     // Environment
     private $templateClassPrefix = '__Mustache_';
-    private $cache = null;
-    private $cacheFileMode = null;
+    private $cache;
     private $loader;
     private $partialsLoader;
     private $helpers;
@@ -53,7 +52,8 @@ class Mustache_Engine
      *         // The class prefix for compiled templates. Defaults to '__Mustache_'.
      *         'template_class_prefix' => '__MyTemplates_',
      *
-     *         // A cache directory for compiled templates. Mustache will not cache templates unless this is set
+     *         // A Mustache cache instance or a cache directory string for compiled templates.
+     *         // Mustache will not cache templates unless this is set
      *         'cache' => dirname(__FILE__).'/tmp/cache/mustache',
      *
      *         // Override default permissions for cache files. Defaults to using the system-defined umask. It is
@@ -112,11 +112,14 @@ class Mustache_Engine
         }
 
         if (isset($options['cache'])) {
-            $this->cache = $options['cache'];
-        }
+            $cache = $options['cache'];
 
-        if (isset($options['cache_file_mode'])) {
-            $this->cacheFileMode = $options['cache_file_mode'];
+            if (is_string($cache)) {
+                $mode  = isset($options['cache_file_mode']) ? $options['cache_file_mode'] : null;
+                $cache = new Mustache_Cache_FilesystemCache($cache, $mode);
+            }
+
+            $this->setCache($cache);
         }
 
         if (isset($options['loader'])) {
@@ -388,6 +391,10 @@ class Mustache_Engine
             throw new Mustache_Exception_InvalidArgumentException('Expected an instance of Mustache_Logger or Psr\\Log\\LoggerInterface.');
         }
 
+        if ($this->getCache()->getLogger() === null) {
+            $this->getCache()->setLogger($logger);
+        }
+
         $this->logger = $logger;
     }
 
@@ -479,6 +486,36 @@ class Mustache_Engine
         return $this->compiler;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Set the Mustache Cache instance.
+     *
+     * @param Mustache_Cache $cache
+     */
+    public function setCache(Mustache_Cache $cache)
+    {
+        if (isset($this->logger) && $cache->getLogger() === null) {
+            $cache->setLogger($this->getLogger());
+        }
+
+        $this->cache = $cache;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the current Mustache Cache instance.
+     *
+     * If no Cache instance has been explicitly specified, this method will instantiate and return a new one.
+     *
+     * @return Mustache_Cache
+     */
+    public function getCache()
+    {
+        if (!isset($this->cache)) {
+            $this->setCache(new Mustache_Cache_NoopCache());
+        }
+
+        return $this->cache;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Helper method to generate a Mustache template class.
      *
@@ -580,26 +617,9 @@ class Mustache_Engine
 
         if (!isset($this->templates[$className])) {
             if (!class_exists($className, false)) {
-                if ($fileName = $this->getCacheFilename($source)) {
-                    if (!is_file($fileName)) {
-                        $this->log(
-                            Mustache_Logger::DEBUG,
-                            'Writing "{className}" class to template cache: "{fileName}"',
-                            array('className' => $className, 'fileName' => $fileName)
-                        );
-
-                        $this->writeCacheFile($fileName, $this->compile($source));
-                    }
-
-                    require_once $fileName;
-                } else {
-                    $this->log(
-                        Mustache_Logger::WARNING,
-                        'Template cache disabled, evaluating "{className}" class at runtime',
-                        array('className' => $className)
-                    );
-
-                    eval('?>'.$this->compile($source));
+                if (!$this->getCache()->load($className)) {
+                    $compiled = $this->compile($source);
+                    $this->getCache()->cache($className, $compiled);
                 }
             }
 
@@ -666,72 +686,6 @@ class Mustache_Engine
         return $this->getCompiler()->compile($source, $tree, $name, isset($this->escape), $this->charset, $this->strictCallables, $this->entityFlags);
     }
 
-    /**
-     * Helper method to generate a Mustache Template class cache filename.
-     *
-     * @param string $source
-     *
-     * @return string Mustache Template class cache filename
-     */
-    private function getCacheFilename($source)
-    {
-        if ($this->cache) {
-            return sprintf('%s/%s.php', $this->cache, $this->getTemplateClassName($source));
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Helper method to dump a generated Mustache Template subclass to the file cache.
-     *
-     * @throws Mustache_Exception_RuntimeException if unable to create the cache directory or write to $fileName.
-     *
-     * @param string $fileName
-     * @param string $source
-     *
-     * @codeCoverageIgnore
-     */
-    private function writeCacheFile($fileName, $source)
-    {
-        $dirName = dirname($fileName);
-        if (!is_dir($dirName)) {
-            $this->log(
-                Mustache_Logger::INFO,
-                'Creating Mustache template cache directory: "{dirName}"',
-                array('dirName' => $dirName)
-            );
-
-            @mkdir($dirName, 0777, true);
-            if (!is_dir($dirName)) {
-                throw new Mustache_Exception_RuntimeException(sprintf('Failed to create cache directory "%s".', $dirName));
-            }
-
-        }
-
-        $this->log(
-            Mustache_Logger::DEBUG,
-            'Caching compiled template to "{fileName}"',
-            array('fileName' => $fileName)
-        );
-
-        $tempFile = tempnam($dirName, basename($fileName));
-        if (false !== @file_put_contents($tempFile, $source)) {
-            if (@rename($tempFile, $fileName)) {
-                $mode = isset($this->cacheFileMode) ? $this->cacheFileMode : (0666 & ~umask());
-                @chmod($fileName, $mode);
-
-                return;
-            }
-
-            $this->log(
-                Mustache_Logger::ERROR,
-                'Unable to rename Mustache temp cache file: "{tempName}" -> "{fileName}"',
-                array('tempName' => $tempFile, 'fileName' => $fileName)
-            );
-        }
-
-        throw new Mustache_Exception_RuntimeException(sprintf('Failed to write cache file "%s".', $fileName));
-    }
-
     /**
      * Add a log record if logging is enabled.
      *
diff --git a/test/Mustache/Test/Cache/FilesystemCacheTest.php b/test/Mustache/Test/Cache/FilesystemCacheTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..07e4a12
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/Mustache/Test/Cache/FilesystemCacheTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+<?php
+
+/*
+ * This file is part of Mustache.php.
+ *
+ * (c) 2012 Justin Hileman
+ *
+ * For the full copyright and license information, please view the LICENSE
+ * file that was distributed with this source code.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @group functional
+ */
+class Mustache_Test_Cache_FilesystemCacheTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
+{
+    private static $tempDir;
+
+    public static function setUpBeforeClass()
+    {
+        self::$tempDir = sys_get_temp_dir() . '/mustache_test';
+        if (file_exists(self::$tempDir)) {
+            self::rmdir(self::$tempDir);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public function testCacheGetNone()
+    {
+        $key = 'some key';
+        $cache = new Mustache_Cache_FilesystemCache(self::$tempDir);;
+        $loaded = $cache->load($key);
+
+        $this->assertFalse($loaded);
+    }
+
+    public function testCachePut()
+    {
+        $key = 'some key';
+        $value = '<?php /* some value */';
+        $cache = new Mustache_Cache_FilesystemCache(self::$tempDir);;
+        $cache->cache($key, $value);
+        $loaded = $cache->load($key);
+
+        $this->assertTrue($loaded);
+    }
+
+    private static function rmdir($path)
+    {
+        $path = rtrim($path, '/').'/';
+        $handle = opendir($path);
+        while (($file = readdir($handle)) !== false) {
+            if ($file == '.' || $file == '..') {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            $fullpath = $path.$file;
+            if (is_dir($fullpath)) {
+                self::rmdir($fullpath);
+            } else {
+                unlink($fullpath);
+            }
+        }
+
+        closedir($handle);
+        rmdir($path);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/Mustache/Test/EngineTest.php b/test/Mustache/Test/EngineTest.php
index 5c00821..f4d102d 100644
--- a/test/Mustache/Test/EngineTest.php
+++ b/test/Mustache/Test/EngineTest.php
@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@ class Mustache_Test_EngineTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
         $this->assertTrue($mustache->hasHelper('foo'));
         $this->assertTrue($mustache->hasHelper('bar'));
         $this->assertFalse($mustache->hasHelper('baz'));
+        $this->assertInstanceOf('Mustache_Cache_FilesystemCache', $mustache->getCache());
     }
 
     public static function getFoo()
@@ -95,6 +96,7 @@ class Mustache_Test_EngineTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
         $parser    = new Mustache_Parser;
         $compiler  = new Mustache_Compiler;
         $mustache  = new Mustache_Engine;
+        $cache     = new Mustache_Cache_FilesystemCache(self::$tempDir);
 
         $this->assertNotSame($logger, $mustache->getLogger());
         $mustache->setLogger($logger);
@@ -119,6 +121,10 @@ class Mustache_Test_EngineTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
         $this->assertNotSame($compiler, $mustache->getCompiler());
         $mustache->setCompiler($compiler);
         $this->assertSame($compiler, $mustache->getCompiler());
+
+        $this->assertNotSame($cache, $mustache->getCache());
+        $mustache->setCache($cache);
+        $this->assertSame($cache, $mustache->getCache());
     }
 
     /**
@@ -134,10 +140,8 @@ class Mustache_Test_EngineTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
         $source    = '{{ foo }}';
         $template  = $mustache->loadTemplate($source);
         $className = $mustache->getTemplateClassName($source);
-        $fileName  = self::$tempDir . '/' . $className . '.php';
+
         $this->assertInstanceOf($className, $template);
-        $this->assertFileExists($fileName);
-        $this->assertContains("\nclass $className extends Mustache_Template", file_get_contents($fileName));
     }
 
     /**